If using glue boards, place them along walls where mice travel. Nontarget animals that become caught on the glue board can be removed in most cases by using vegetable oil as a solvent to loosen the glue. Glue boards lose their effectiveness in dusty areas unless covered. Extreme temperatures also may affect the tackiness of glue boards. Baits to control rodents are formulated with an attractant generally food and a rodenticide toxin. Changes in rodenticide regulations went into effect in mid in an effort to prevent rodenticide hazards to wildlife and pets and reduce accidental exposure to children.
These federal EPA restrictions now permit manufacturers to produce, for sale to the general public, only rat and mouse baits that are packaged in ready-to-use, disposable bait stations. Agricultural producers and professional pest control personnel are able to obtain more types of rodenticides in various formulations, some of which are restricted use pesticides. When prepared with good-quality cereals and other ingredients, anticoagulant baits provide good to excellent house mouse control when baits are fresh and when placed in suitable locations so as to attract mice.
The various anticoagulant active ingredients currently registered for use against house mice in California are listed in Table 1. Since not all mice or rats will consume bait when it first becomes available, bait application directions typically recommend providing an uninterrupted supply of bait for at least 10 or 15 days or until evidence of rodent activity ceases.
Thus, they also have the potential to be hazardous to predators and scavengers, which may consume poisoned rodents. This secondary hazard from anticoagulants, as well as the primary hazard of nontarget animals directly ingesting rodent baits, is substantially reduced when baits are applied and used properly, according to label directions.
Because of the potentially greater hazard of second-generation anticoagulants to children, household pets, and nontarget wildlife, these active ingredients are no longer allowed to be manufactured for sale to the general public. Homeowners will be able to purchase only prepackaged, ready-to-use bait stations containing the first-generation anticoagulants i. The second-generation anticoagulants i.
Some of the second-generation rodenticides now labeled for use only by agricultural producers or professional pest control personnel may be restricted to applications in and around agricultural buildings. Anticoagulants have the same effect on nearly all warm-blooded animals, but the sensitivity to these toxicants varies among species, and larger animals generally require a larger dose of toxicant than do smaller animals. Dogs are more susceptible to anticoagulant poisoning than are many other mammals, and small- to medium-sized dogs that seek out and consume rodents or rodent carcasses could be at greatest risk.
Symptoms of anticoagulant poisoning in mammals include lethargy, loss of color in soft tissues such as the lips and gums, and bleeding from the mouth, nose, or intestinal tract. Vitamin K1 is the antidote for anticoagulant rodenticides, although in cases of severe poisoning a whole blood transfusion is also used. Three other active ingredients are registered and used as rodenticides to control house mice and rats in California—bromethalin, cholecalciferol, and zinc phosphide Table 2.
Although not anticoagulants, application directions for bromethalin and cholecalciferol are somewhat similar to those for anticoagulant rodenticides. These two materials are formulated to serve as chronic rodenticides so that house mice will have the opportunity to feed on exposed baits one or more times over the period of one to several days.
Bait acceptance is generally good when fresh, well-formulated products are used. Zinc phosphide differs in that it is an acute toxicant that causes death of a house mouse within several hours after a lethal dose is ingested. While risk of secondary poisoning to predators and scavengers is low because of the mode of action of these three rodenticides, primary hazard to nontarget animals e. All rodenticide baits must be used carefully according to the label directions, which have become more specific and more restrictive.
Place fresh bait in these stations to control invading mice before mouse populations become established. Baits and bait stations containing bait now have more restrictive regulations regarding locations for use. Different designs of commercially manufactured bait stations may be required, depending on the particular situation and the bait formulation used.
For example, some labels state tamper-resistant bait stations must be used if children, pets, nontarget mammals, or birds may access the bait. Some baits require that they be contained within bait stations for all outdoor, above-ground applications.
Certain prepackaged bait stations intended for sale to homeowners can be used only inside structures and are prohibited for use in any area accessible to pets or for use outdoors. Other baits or bait stations may also be used around the periphery of structures or within 50 feet of a structure. Because house mice seldom travel far from their shelter to find food, many product labels suggest making bait placements at 8- to foot intervals. Place bait boxes next to walls, with the openings close to the wall, or in other places where mice are active.
In all cases, the user must follow label directions. Remove and properly dispose of all uneaten bait at the end of a control program. Although mice are easily frightened by strange or unfamiliar noises, they quickly become accustomed to regularly repeated sounds. They also lose their intensity quickly with distance. There is little evidence that sound, magnetic, or vibration devices of any kind will drive established mice or rats from buildings or provide adequate control. Despite their lack of effectiveness, many such devices continue to be sold through magazine advertisements and at some retail outlets.
Some dogs and cats will catch and kill mice and rats. There are few situations, however, in which they will sufficiently control rodent populations. Around most structures, mice can find many places to hide and rear their young out of the reach of such predators. Mice frequently live beneath doghouses and soon learn they can feed on dog food when the dog is absent or asleep. Berry, R. Biology of the House Mouse. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London, No.
London: Academic Press. House mice range from 2. Their tails are usually 2. In nature, m ice prefer to eat cereal and seeds, but they will also eat insects, nuts and fruits.
Inside structures, mice will consume almost any human food, but prefer grain based products. Pair of house mice under a kitchen sink. Snapshot of the appearance and distribution of house mice. There are a handful of ways to tell if house mice have made your home their own, including the following telltale signs of an infestation:. If you suspect a house mouse infestation, contact a licensed pest control professional to conduct an inspection and recommend a proper course of treatment to get rid of house mice.
Rodent infestations in the home can have a profound effect on health. Rodent feces can spread bacteria and trigger allergic reactions. For more on rodents, check out the rodent pest guides. To keep mice and other rodents out, make sure all holes larger than a dime and gaps wider than a pencil are sealed with silicone-based caulk , steel wool , or other construction material. Keep areas clear and store boxes off the floor , as mice can hide in clutter.
Store food in sealed glass or metal containers. Leave surfaces clear of crumbs and food morsels, which may attract house mice. House mice are very social. They organize themselves in social hierarchies with one male dominating lower-ranking males and a large number of females in a given territory.
Mature male mice are socially compatible with related mice, but they are hostile and aggressive towards strangers. The size of the territory varies based on the availability of food and water. They are excellent climbers and can jump up to a foot high; however, they are colorblind and cannot see clearly beyond six inches. House mice nibble, eating only small amounts of food at a time.
They generally feed at dusk and before dawn, but they may also opt to eat smaller meals in between. House mice live in structures, but they can survive outdoors, too.
House mice prefer to nest in dark, secluded areas and often build nests out of paper products, cotton, packing materials, wall insulation and fabrics. House mice are nocturnal, but they can be spotted in the house during the day. House mice are very inquisitive and tend to curiously investigate changes in their habitats. They will often change their established runways for this reason.
House mice can pose serious health threa ts. August 20th, 0 Comments. Rats and mice are known to cause countless problems for Houston businesses. Not only do they carry diseases and parasites that pose some pretty serious health risks to your employees and customers, but they are [ September 28th, 0 Comments. While [ December 20th, 0 Comments. Raccoons and squirrels and rats, oh my! Residential : Commercial : Home Rodent Control Color: Typically light brown, but can sometimes be nearly black.
Potentially Dangerous: Yes. Food Contamination. Structure Damaging.
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