These include diarrhea, constipation, bloating, or nausea, especially during menstrual periods. Why does endometriosis cause pain and health problems? Endometriosis growths are benign not cancerous. But they can still cause problems. The growths may also continue to expand and cause problems, such as: Blocking your fallopian tubes when growths cover or grow into your ovaries. Trapped blood in the ovaries can form cysts. Inflammation swelling Forming scar tissue and adhesions type of tissue that can bind your organs together.
This scar tissue may cause pelvic pain and make it hard for you to get pregnant. Problems in your intestines and bladder. How common is endometriosis? Who gets endometriosis? You might be more likely to get endometriosis if you have: Never had children Menstrual periods that last more than seven days Short menstrual cycles 27 days or fewer A family member mother, aunt, sister with endometriosis A health problem that blocks the normal flow of menstrual blood from your body during your period.
What causes endometriosis? No one knows for sure what causes this disease. Researchers are studying possible causes: Problems with menstrual period flow. Retrograde menstrual flow is the most likely cause of endometriosis. Some of the tissue shed during the period flows through the fallopian tube into other areas of the body, such as the pelvis.
Genetic factors. Because endometriosis runs in families, it may be inherited in the genes. Immune system problems. A faulty immune system may fail to find and destroy endometrial tissue growing outside of the uterus. Immune system disorders and certain cancers are more common in women with endometriosis. The hormone estrogen appears to promote endometriosis.
Research is looking at whether endometriosis is a problem with the body's hormone system. During a surgery to the abdominal area, such as a Cesarean C-section or hysterectomy, endometrial tissue could be picked up and moved by mistake. For instance, endometrial tissue has been found in abdominal scars. How can I prevent endometriosis? To keep lower estrogen levels in your body, you can: Talk to your doctor about hormonal birth control methods, such as pills, patches or rings with lower doses of estrogen.
Exercise regularly more than 4 hours a week. Regular exercise and a lower amount of body fat help decrease the amount of estrogen circulating through the body. Avoid large amounts of alcohol. Alcohol raises estrogen levels. Avoid large amount of drinks with caffeine. Studies show that drinking more than one caffeinated drink a day, especially sodas and green tea, can raise estrogen levels. How is endometriosis diagnosed? The doctor will talk to you about your symptoms and do or prescribe one or more of the following to find out if you have endometriosis: Pelvic exam.
During a pelvic exam, your doctor will feel for large cysts or scars behind your uterus. Smaller areas of endometriosis are harder to feel. Imaging test. Your doctor may do an ultrasound to check for ovarian cysts from endometriosis.
The doctor or technician may insert a wand-shaped scanner into your vagina or move a scanner across your abdomen. Both kinds of ultrasound tests use sound waves to make pictures of your reproductive organs. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI is another common imaging test that can make a picture of the inside of your body. If your doctor does not find signs of an ovarian cyst during an ultrasound, he or she may prescribe medicine: Hormonal birth control can help lessen pelvic pain during your period.
Gonadotropin go-na-doh-TRO-pen -releasing hormone GnRH agonists block the menstrual cycle and lower the amount of estrogen your body makes. GnRH agonists also may help pelvic pain. If your pain gets better with hormonal medicine, you probably have endometriosis.
But, these medicines work only as long as you take them. Once you stop taking them, your pain may come back. Laparoscopy lap-ar-OS-ko-pee.
Laparoscopy is a type of surgery that doctors can use to look inside your pelvic area to see endometriosis tissue. Surgery is the only way to be sure you have endometriosis. Sometimes doctors can diagnose endometriosis just by seeing the growths.
Other times, they need to take a small sample of tissue and study it under a microscope to confirm this. How is endometriosis treated? Medicine If you are not trying to get pregnant, hormonal birth control is generally the first step in treatment.
This may include: Extended-cycle you have only a few periods a year or continuous cycle you have no periods birth control. Having issues with fertility is a serious complication of endometriosis. Women with milder forms may be able to conceive and carry a baby to term. According to the Mayo Clinic , about 30 — 40 percent of women with endometriosis have trouble getting pregnant. Some women have been able to conceive after having endometrial tissue surgically removed.
Your symptoms may worsen over time, which can make it difficult to conceive on your own. Talk to your doctor to understand your options. Talk to your doctor about ways to deal with these side effects. Joining a support group may also help. According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, about 2 to 10 percent of childbearing women in the United States between the ages of have endometriosis.
It usually develops years after the start of your menstrual cycle. Women of all ages are at risk for endometriosis. It usually affects women between the ages of 25 and 40, but symptoms can begin at puberty. Talk to your doctor if you have a family member who has endometriosis. You may have a higher risk of developing the disease.
Pregnancy may temporarily decrease the symptoms of endometriosis. This supports the understanding that hormones influence the development and progress of the condition.
Talk to your doctor if you have problems regarding your period. These issues can include shorter cycles, heavier and longer periods, or menstruation that starts at a young age. These factors may place you at higher risk. Effective treatments are available to manage pain and fertility issues, such as medications, hormone therapy, and surgery. The symptoms of endometriosis usually improve after menopause.
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